Thermodynamic Performance and Exergy Analysis of a Four-Cylinder Gasoline Engine Fueled with Gasoline-Alcohol Blends: The Role of Pentanol, Butanol, Ethanol, and Propanol

Articles in Press

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran

Abstract

This study investigates the combustion behavior and exergy performance of a water-cooled, four-cylinder gasoline engine using pure gasoline and various gasoline–bio-alcohol blends containing ethanol, butanol, propanol, and pentanol. Experiments were conducted at engine speeds of 1000, 1500, and 2000 rpm. Exergy analysis was used to evaluate input fuel exergy, exergy losses, and exergy efficiency. Results revealed that increasing engine speed increased the input exergy rate across all fuels due to greater fuel consumption. Among the fuel blends, higher pentanol content led to lower input exergy but enhanced exergy transfer through heat due to improved combustion characteristics. Exhaust exergy rates were higher for alcohol-containing fuels, especially at elevated speeds, due to higher combustion temperatures. The exergy work rate increased with engine speed in all blends, with the G60Pe10E10Bu10Pr10 blend achieving the highest work output (46.48 kW at 2000 rpm). However, exergy destruction also rose with speed and alcohol concentration, particularly in blends with 20% pentanol. Overall, blends with moderate alcohol content (particularly pentanol) showed favorable exergy behavior compared to pure gasoline. This study confirms the potential of optimized alcohol–gasoline blends to improve engine thermodynamic performance while reducing fossil fuel dependence. Among the alcohols, pentanol blends demonstrated the most favorable exergy performance at higher engine speeds.

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Journal of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 07 July 2025

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History

  • Receive Date: 07 March 2025
  • Revise Date: 03 July 2025
  • Accept Date: 07 July 2025

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